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Alpha Kappa Alpha (ΆΚΆ) is the first Greek-lettered sorority established and incorporated by African American college women (Harvard). The sorority was founded on January 15, 1908, at Howard University in Washington, D.C., by a group of nine students, led by Ethel Hedgeman Lyle. Forming a sorority broke barriers for African American women in areas where little power or authority existed due to a lack of opportunities for minorities and women in the early twentieth century (MIT). Alpha Kappa Alpha was incorporated on January 29, 1913.Consisting of college-educated women of African, Caucasian, Asian, Native American, and Hispanic descent, the sorority serves through a membership of more than 250,000 women in over 900 chapters in the United States and several other countries.Women may join through undergraduate chapters at a college or university, or through a graduate chapter after acquiring a college degree. After the organization’s establishment over a century ago, Alpha Kappa Alpha has helped to improve social and economic conditions through community service programs. Members have improved education through independent initiatives, contributed to community-building by creating programs and associations, such as the Mississippi Health Clinic, and influenced federal legislation by Congressional lobbying through the National Non-Partisan Lobby on Civil and Democratic Rights. The sorority works with communities through service initiatives and progressive programs relating to education, family, health, and business. Alpha Kappa Alpha PLR Articles is part of the National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC). The current International President is Barbara A. McKinzie, and the sorority’s document and pictorial archives are located at Moorland-Spingarn Research Center. Main Hall and Miner Hall in 1868. Miner Hall is located to the left. Miner Hall was the site of Alpha Kappa Alpha’s founding on January 15, 1908. The building was demolished in 1961. In spring 1907, Ethel Hedgeman led efforts to create a sisterhood at Howard University. Howard faculty member Ethal Robinson encouraged Hedgeman by relating her own recollections of sorority life at the Women’s College at Brown University. Hedgeman was also inspired by her future husband George Lyle, who was a charter member of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity’s Beta chapter at Howard in 1907. To implement her idea, Hedgeman began recruiting interested classmates during the summer of 1907.Eventually, nine women including Hedgeman were instrumental in organizing Alpha Kappa Alpha in fall 1908. With Hedgeman serving as the temporary chairperson, the women wrote the sorority’s constitution, devised the motto and favorite colors, and named the sorority Alpha Kappa Alpha. Later in 1909, seven sophomore honor students expressed interest and were accepted without initiation. The first initiation was held in a wing of Miner Hall on Howard University on February 11, 1909. On May 25, 1909, Alpha Kappa Alpha held the first “Ivy Week”, a celebration which included planting ivy at Miner Hall. At the time, Alpha Kappa Alpha existed as one chapter at Howard University with a ritual and sponsored social events. No plan of nationalizing or incorporating the organization existed. Alpha Kappa Alpha continued to grow at Howard. In October 11, 1912, twenty-two members were initiated into Alpha Kappa Alpha. Seven officers were elected: Myra Davis Hemmings, president; Ethel Cuff Black, vice-president, Edith Mott Young, secretary; Jessie McGuire Dent, corresponding secretary, Winona Cargile Alexander, custodian, medical assistant training; Frederica Chase Dodd, sergeant-at-arms, and Pauline Oberdorfer Minor was the treasurer. The twenty-two were dismayed at progress and wanted to reorganize the sorority. According to Delta Sigma Theta historian Paula Giddings, the group of members wanted to establish a national organization, enlarge the scope of the sorority’s activities, change its name and symbols, and be more politically oriented. When Nellie Quander, a graduate member, heard about changing the sorority name, she disagreed and gave the other women a deadline and an ultimatum to stop the efforts to reorganize the sorority. However, the twenty-two declined and instead formed Delta Sigma Theta on January 13, 1913. Later Quander, along with five other sorority members, led an initiative to incorporate Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority as a perpetual body on January 29, 1913. The organization was nationally incorporated in Washington, D.C., as a non-profit under the name Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated on January 29, 1913. During the same year the sorority began using Greek names for officers. A close up of a Alpha Phi Alpha delegate badge from the 23rd Boulé. The tri-convention—consisting of Alpha Kappa Alpha, Alpha Phi Alpha, and Kappa Alpha Psi — was held from December 27, through 31, 1940 in Kansas City, Missouri. Alpha Kappa Alpha continued to grow nationally. A second chapter at the University of Chicago was chartered in fall 1914. The sorority played an active role in voicing concerns of the day. The women participated in the 1913 Women’s Suffrage March. In addition, Alpha Kappa Alpha helped to support members by providing scholarship funds for school and foreign studies. Alpha Kappa Alpha began to unite members at the annual Boulé, the sorority’s governing body: wedding favors. The sorority’s pledge was written by Grace Edwards and was adopted by the 1920 Boulé. In addition, the sorority’s crest was designed by Phyllis Wheatley Waters and accepted in the same Boulé. A year later, at the 1921 Boulé, the Ivy Leaf was designated as “the official organ of Alpha Kappa Alpha,” and Founders’ Week, paying honor to ΆKΆ’s founders was established. Pearls were first introduced to the sorority in the same year. The sorority membership pin was accepted in the following Boulé in Kansas City, Missouri. At the 1947 Boulé, pins for honorary members were designed and approved. On May 10, 1935, Alpha Kappa Alpha, along with the fraternities Kappa Alpha Psi and Omega Psi Phi and sororities Delta Sigma Theta and Zeta Phi Beta, formed the National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC) at Howard University. Consisting of nine predominately black fraternities and sororities, auto insurance, NPHC promotes interaction through forums, meetings, and other mediums for the exchange of information, and engages in cooperative programming free web templates and initiatives through various activities and functions. A 1934 issue of Ivy Leaf, Alpha Kappa Alpha’s official organ. Throughout the Great Migration, members assisted the Travelers Aid Society, to help thousands of Southern Blacks adjust to Northern society, find housing and navigate around the city. They also volunteered at the Freedman’s Hospital. In April 1933, during the Great Depression, International President Ida Jackson visited All Saints Industrial School in Lexington, Mississippi. She found difficult conditions in the Mississippi Delta. Some of the teachers themselves did not have an education past the seventh grade. African Americans were trying to make a living sharecropping on plantation land as agricultural prices continued to fall. In summer 1934, Ida Jackson initiated the Summer School for Rural Teachers to train future teachers. She worked with a total of 22 student teachers and 243 school children. In addition, she held night classes mma training for 48 adults. By obtaining 2600 books for the school’s library, Jackson made it “the largest library owned by white or colored in all Holmes County.” In summer 1938, Ida Jackson focused on poverty and established a regional health clinic Provillus. She had acquired $1,000 from the Boulé to fund the project in December 1935. The clinic evolved into the Mississippi Health Project, with Dr. Dorothy Boulding Ferebee appointed as the director. The public car auctions Mississippi Health Project brought primary medical care to the rural Black population across the state for six summers. The program has been recognized as the first mobile health clinic in the United States, assisting approximately 15,000 people in the Mississippi Delta. The Dubai SEO project was noted for helping to decrease cases diphtheria and smallpox in the region and to improve nutritional and dental practices throughout rural Mississippi. Led by incorporator Norma Elizabeth Boyd, the sorority created the National Non-Partisan Lobby on Civil and Democratic Rights (NPC) in 1938, kids furniture, later renamed the National Non-Partisan Council on Public Affairs. It was the first full-time congressional lobby for minority group civil rights. Throughout the organization’s life, the Non-Partisan Council worked with the NAACP, National Urban League, The United Office and Professional Workers of America (coats of arms), The National Association of Graduate Nurses, the American Federation of Churches, the Colored Women’s Club, the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters and Auxiliary, and the New York Voter’s League. The NPC was dissolved on July 15, 1948, by twelfth Supreme Basileus Edna Over Gray-Campbell Innotek IUC 4100. A year later, Alpha Kappa Alpha was the first sorority to apply for life membership in the NAACP. To replace the NPC, in August 1945, Alpha Kappa Alpha established the American Council on Human Rights (ACHR). The council made recommendations to the government concerning civil cars forum rights legislation. The ACHR was proposed at the 1946 Boulé. In October 1946, Alpha Kappa Alpha was the first sorority to obtain observer status at the United Nations. On January 15, 1948, Delta Sigma Theta, Zeta Phi Beta, Sigma Gamma Rho sororities and Alpha Phi Alpha and Phi Beta Sigma fraternities were charter members of the ACHR. Kappa Alpha Psi later was included in March 1949. On September 1, 1945, Alpha Kappa Alpha established iPhone deals The National Health Office in New York City.[41] The National Health Office coordinated activities with local chapters and worked with the ACHC to promote health initiatives before Congress, increase the number of student nurses, and improve the state of health programs at historically Black Colleges and Universities Hen Party. The National Health Office was dissolved in 1951, as its goals were incorporated into the sorority’s international program. “Women in Medicine” was the fourth pamphlet published in Alpha Kappa Alpha’s The Heritage Series in tourbillon watches 1971. Civil rights and educational training: 1950–1970. Throughout the fifties, sixties, and seventies, members helped to sponsor job training, reading enrichment, heritage and youth programs weight loss tips. By encouraging youth to improve math, science, and reading skills, the sorority continued a legacy of community service and pledged to enrich the lives of others Kent Wedding Photographer. Financially, Alpha Kappa Alpha expanded funding for projects in 1953 through the creation and trademark of a fashion show called FashionettaTM. Politically, ACHR continued lobbying for equality concerning civil rights during the 1950s and 1960s. According to Collier-Thomas, walking shoes, the ACHR drew attention to legislation concerning education, transportation, employment, and improving equality in the armed forces and public places. The ACHR participated in filing civil rights cases in amicus curiae with Bolling v. Sharpe and 1954’s Brown v. Board of Education. However, as a whole, ACHR fat burning furnace review voted to dissolve operations in 1963. Alpha Kappa Alpha contributed programs for inner city youth by capitalizing on political gains in the White House. On August 20, 1964, President Lyndon Johnson signed the Economic Opportunity Act, which allowed the creation of the Job Corps Free iPhone. The sorority wanted to operate a job training center for students. Led by president Julia Purnell, ΆKΆ negotiated with the Office of Economic Opportunity to operate a women’s center backlink checker from October 1964 to January 1965. Alpha Kappa Alpha was awarded a US$4 million grant to operate the Cleveland Job Corps on February 12, 1965, becoming the first sorority to operate a federal job training center. Shown is a picture (Tignanello Handbags) of the Lois Mailou Jones designed Founders’ Memorial Window located in Rankin Chapel at Howard University. Beginning in 1965, the Cleveland Job Corps trained female high school dropouts, aged 16 to 21, how to get rid of love handles, with job and educational skills. In 1976, the Cleveland Job Corps accepted males. The sorority operated the Cleveland Job Corps until 1995. The loan sorority educated the community through highlighting the accomplishments of notable individuals by publishing The Heritage Series between 1968 and 1972. These pamphlets were a series of biographies of top African-American women. Altogether, Jobs Bridgend the entire collection contained “Women in the Judiciary,” “Women in Politics,” “Women in Medicine,” “Women in Business,” and “Women in Dentistry. ” Alpha Kappa Alpha also donated $20,000 for preserving Martin Luther King, Jr.’s birth place in Atlanta, Georgia, in the early 1970s. In 1978, during the sorority’s seventieth anniversary, the Memorial Window at Howard University was dedicated to the muscle building founders of Alpha Kappa Alpha. Surviving founders Lavinia Norman and Norma Boyd attended the celebration of unveiling the Memorial Window, designed by Lois Mailou Jones (small business ideas). Bridging towards the twenty-first century: 1980–2007 The Alpha Kappa Alpha banner that honorary member Mae Jemison carried to space in 1992. The banner is shown at the sorority’s national headquarters in Chicago. Soon after the sorority’s 75th anniversary, Alpha Kappa Alpha lawyers contributed funds to decrease Africa’s poverty with the establishment of African Village Development Program (AVDP). As a conjoint program with Africare, the sorority sought to decrease poverty in African villages. In collaboration with the International Foundation for Education and Self-Help (IFESH), mortgage modification, the sorority built ten schools in South Africa after apartheid ended, and it donated computer technology to the region. Throughout the 1990s, the sorority continued to provide after-school mentoring programs, such as ON TRACK. ON TRACK, an acronym which stands for motion detector alarm “Organizing, Nurturing, Team building, Respecting, Achieving, Counseling and Knowing,” was designed to help the progress of 20,000 text message marketing third graders who were at-risk of failing their education. Sponsored by Daimler Chrysler, ON TRACK was designated to “improve communication, academics, physical and emotional health, peer leadership, custom band merchandise, etiquette, and interpersonal relationships.” In addition, programs such as the Ivy Reading AKAdemy and Young Authors Program improved elementary reading comprehension skills, while P.I.M.S. highlighted programs in math and science. Acting Surgeon General Rear Admiral Kenneth P. Moritsugu addressing participants at the Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated’s 98th National Founders Day in 2006: colon cleanse. Then Alpha Kappa Alpha Executive Director Barbara McKinzie sits to the right. In 1999, the sorority adopted a strict anti-hazing policy which is against “underground hazing, financial hazing, pre-pledging, post-pledging and post-initiation pledging. ” On Christian Books September 9, 2002, 22 year-old Kristin High and 24 year-old Kenitha Saafir drowned at Dockweiler State Beach at the Pacific Ocean on a night of high surf: best gaming mouse. The Los Angeles Police Department determined that the. The families of the young women said the two California State University students were interested in joining Alpha Kappa Alpha and had been involved in activities. However, the chapter at Cal State-Los Angeles had been suspended by the national sorority since 2000 due to “minor pledging infractions.” Kristin High’s family filed a US$100 million wrongful death lawsuit against Alpha Kappa Alpha on September 23, 2002 in Los Angeles District Court (roofers). The suit claimed that the two women lost sleep while performing tasks for the members of an underground chapter of the sorority, carried out physical exercises on the beach, and sport supplement were wearing jogging clothes and tennis shoes in the water, hindering their ability to remain afloat. According to the lawsuit, the two women were “blindfolded and tied by their hands and their bodies and led into the rip tide conditions of the fish oil ocean”. The family and Alpha Kappa Alpha settled out of court. The purpose of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority is to cultivate and encourage high scholastic and ethical standards, to promote unity and friendship among college women, to study and help alleviate problems concerning girls and women in table tennis order to improve their social stature, to maintain a progressive interest in college life, and to be of service to all mankind. The sorority responded to the call for help in fall 2005 after Hurricane Katrina, by raising money for a disaster relief fund. In July 2007, through Habitat for Humanity, christening presents, the sorority helped build a house in New Orleans for a family that survived Hurricane Katrina. The sorority continues to assist the community by initiating service-related projects. In addition to educational programs, Alpha Kappa Alpha contributed to drawing awareness to health-related issues, such as AIDS, sickle cell anemia, breast cancer, and the importance of staying in shape. Recently, the sorority has supported the efforts of justice for the Jena Six. Also, the sorority connects to the past by partnering with African Ancestry. Sorority members may use African Ancestry’s DNA testing to find genealogical data for themselves and their families short hair styles. The purpose of the partnership is to help members trace family connections through the world as well as in Africa, to embrace African-American culture and the larger community. Marker near Howard University’s Rankin Chapel celebrating the centennial anniversary of Alpha Kappa Alpha. Alpha Kappa Alpha celebrated their centenary with a year-long commemoration in 2008. The celebration coincided with the sorority’s biennial Boulé. Internationally, some Alpha Kappa Alpha members {Albuquerque Homes for Sale} began marking the festivities by making a pilgrimage to Howard University from January 12 to January 15, 2008. The activities included sorority members financially donating $1 million dollars in scholarship funds to Howard University, contributing libraries for Middle School for Mathematics and Science and Asbury Dwelling for Senior Citizens, and unveiling a digital version of the entire Ivy Leaf publication. In addition, sorority undergraduate and graduate members who were not available to attend ceremonies in Washington, D.C., held celebrations in local cities. On July 11 to July 18, 2008, Alpha Kappa Alpha held their 63rd Boulé. A town hall meeting with the public, a unity march in conjunction with other NPHC members, and a concert featuring R&B Grammy Award winning singer Patti LaBelle were some of the events which occurred at the centennial Boulé. On July 17, 2008, Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority set a Guiness World Record when 16,206 members set a record (ideal weight for women) by having the largest-ever silver service sit-down dinner in a convention. AKA’s centennial museum at the Walter E. Washington Convention Center. Alpha Kappa Alpha’s accomplishments were heralded by the United States Congress, with U.S. Senator Hillary Clinton and sorority member U.S. Representative Sheila Jackson-Lee, deal of the day who both agreed to pass legislation in both houses of the United States Congress to commemorate the sorority’s founding. In addition, the toy company Mattel designed a tinnitus treatment Barbie collectible doll fashioned with a pink and green evening gown. On June 20, 2009, eight Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority members filed a complaint in D.C. Superior Court demanding that International President Barbara McKinzine be fired for improper use of sorority funds and the money be returned to the sorority golden wedding anniversary gifts. The lawsuit claims that Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated’s Executive Board approved the spending of thousands of dollars on McKinzie’s costs of living, including commissioning an expensive wax model of McKinzie. In response, McKinzie denied the allegations, referring to them as “without merit.” In February 2010, Natalia M. Combs Greene Pop Up Trailers, associate judge of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia, dismissed the lawsuit, stating that it contained “hyperbolic allegations riddled with buzz words.” She wrote, “This case is largely about several disgruntled AKA members disillusioned with what they see as an increasingly opaque, authoritarian and self-serving leadership in their organization….The question remains, however, whether such behavior warrants judicial intervention.” The judge also maintained the plaintiffs had “overwhelmed the record with seemingly unnecessary and frivolous exhibits, arguments, counts and facts detailing the sorority’s 101-year history,” and that many of the plaintiff’s arguments “read as political speeches. Alpha Kappa Alpha reports a membership of over 200,000 college-trained women around the world. The sorority has over 49,000 active members who comprise a diverse constituency, from educators to heads of state, politicians, lawyers, medical professionals, media personalities, and corporate managers. Graduate members constitute the largest percentage of membership. Alpha Kappa Alpha has 950 chapters, located in the United States, the Caribbean, Canada, Germany, Korea and Japan. The term soror, derived from the Latin for “sister”, is used between members of the sorority. Membership of the Directorate includes the Board of Directors. For graduate chapters, “Omega” is added to distinguish those which consist of college graduates from undergraduate chapters (Stanford). “Supreme,” as a term, is amended to an international officeholder, such as Supreme Basileus. Deceased members are referred to as “Ivies Beyond the Wall”. Honorary membership is Alpha Kappa (Hopkins).